3 Higher order integrals
A function may be integrated over four or more variables. For example, the integral
represents the function being integrated over the variables , , and . This is an example of a quadruple integral.
The methods of evaluating quadruple integrals are very similar to those for double and triple integrals. Start the integration from the inside and gradually work outwards. Quintuple (five variable) and higher-order integrals also exist and the techniques are similar.
Example 21
Evaluate the quadruple integral .
Solution
The first integral, with respect to gives
.
The second integral, with respect to gives
.
The third integral, with respect to gives
.
Finally, integrating with respect to gives
Exercise
Evaluate the quadruple integral .